Synthesis and characterization of triphenyl(2-/3-/4-anisole)tin(IV) complexes

Abstract

This study focuses on the synthesis and thorough structural analysis of three organotin(IV) complexes: triphenyl(2-/3-/4-anisole)tin(IV). Due to the high biological activity and associated cytotoxic potential of triphenyltin(IV) compounds represent promising candidates as alternatives to platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents. These complexes were synthesised via a modified Grignard reaction, using triphenyltin(IV) chloride and various bromoanisole isomers as the starting materials. The structures of obtained complexes were elucidated using spectroscopic analysis, including multi-nuclear NMR (1H-, 13C-, 13C-DEPT-135- and 119Sn-NMR) and infrared spectroscopy. This analysis confirmed the success of the syntheses. Additionally, the 119Sn NMR shows that all three complexes have a coordination number four, thus tin(IV) centrum is in tetrahedral geometry. An elemental analysis was performed to confirm the purity of the complexes. This work fills a gap in the current literature regarding the synthesis and characterization of triphenyl(anisole)tin(IV) complexes and provides a foundation for further biological evaluation.